Conscious sedation: Pharmacology.
Choosing the IV drug
BASIC AND ADVANCED
The indications and contraindications for conscious sedation for dental procedures using benzodiazepines, propofol, and opioids in young people and adults are as follows:
Benzodiazepines:
Indications:
- Anxiety or fear associated with dental procedures
- Patient management during long or complex procedures
- Sedation for patients with special needs or medical conditions
Contraindications:
- Known allergy or hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
- Severe respiratory depression or obstructive sleep apnoea
- Glaucoma
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants
Propofol:
Indications:
- Sedation for long or complex dental procedures
- Patient management during dental procedures
- Sedation for patients with special needs or medical conditions
Contraindications:
- Known allergy or hypersensitivity to propofol
- Severe hypotension or cardiac failure
- Severe respiratory depression or obstructive sleep apnoea
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants
Opioids:
Indications:
- Management of moderate to severe pain associated with dental procedures
- Management of acute or chronic dental pain
Contraindications:
- Known allergy or hypersensitivity to opioids
- Respiratory depression or obstructive sleep apnoea
- Head injury or increased intracranial pressure
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants